HDR Photos.

1.High Dynamic Range and refers to a scene that includes both bright and dark elements

2. To reproduce a greater Dynamic Range of luminosity than possible using standard digital imaging or photographic techniques. HDR images can represent more accurately the range of intensity levels found in real scenes, from direct sunlight to faint starlight, and is often captured by way of a plurality of differently exposed pictures of the same subject.

3. The photographer chooses to take one picture at a given exposure, one or more brighter, and one or more darker, in order to select the most satisfactory image.

4. Yes you can do this with a video.